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Dieser multidisziplinäre Band vereint Forschungsarbeiten zu
verschiedenen Aspekten der jüdisch-muslimischen Beziehungen, des
Austauschs und der Koexistenz im Laufe der Zeit, darunter das
Rätsel der abrahamitischen Tradition, Juden im Koran und im
Hadith, Ibn al-'Arabi und die Kabbala, vergleichende feministische
Theologie, Juden, Christen, Muslime und das Barnabas-Evangelium,
die Harmonisierung von Religion und Philosophie in Andalusien,
Juden und Muslime im christlichen Spanien des Mittelalters,
israelische Juden und muslimische und christliche Araber, die
jüdisch-muslimische Koexistenz auf Zypern, muslimisch-jüdische
Dialoge in Berlin und Barcelona, jüdisch-christlich-muslimische
Triloge und Teleologie, jüdische und muslimische Speisegesetze
sowie jüdische und muslimische Integration in der Schweiz und in
Deutschland.
Die Wirkungen der sozialen Medien sind besonders in Bezug auf das
religiöse Engagement und die religiösen Praktiken junger Menschen
zu beobachten – die heute unter Begriffen wie
„Internetgeneration“, „Mediengeneration“ oder „Digital
Natives“ zusammengefasst werden. Online-Medien üben großen
Einfluss auf ihr Leben, ihr Weltverständnis, ihre religiösen
Orientierungen und Handlungen aus. Ihre Identitätskonstruktionen,
ihre kulturellen und religiösen Orientierungen sind aufs Engste
mit sozialen Medien verflochten. Genau hier setzte die vorliegende
Studie mit der Frage an, welche subjektiven Konsequenzen die
Interaktion im Social Web für religiöse Orientierungen, Praktiken
und Selbstentwürfe muslimischer Jugendlicher in Österreich hat.
Dabei standen die Zusammenhänge zwischen Mediennutzung, medialen
Islambildern und gelebter Religiosität im Mittelpunkt. Die
Ergebnisse zeigen einerseits, dass der Umgang mit Social Media
objekÂtive Möglichkeitsräume schafft, die mit einer Erweiterung
individueller Handlungsspielräume einhergehen können, wobei
religiöse Autorität zunehmend hinterfragt wird. Andererseits geht
aus der Studie ebenfalls hervor, dass die Nutzung digitaler Medien
auch zur Verengung individueller religiöser Orientierungen führen
kann.
The authors of this volume examine theory and practice regarding
past and present roles of Jewish, Christian and Islamic religious
education in nurturing tolerance, interpreted as mutual respect for
and recognition of other groups, in Eastern (Albania, Bulgaria,
Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro and Romania) and Western
(Finland, Germany, Italy, Latvia and Spain) Europe, Israel, Nigeria
and Uzbekistan. They also explore potential roles of religion and
exclusivism in fostering (Islamic state, NGOs, etc.), but also
averting (Islamic legal theory, authority, Sufism, etc.)
radicalization, and of secular states in allowing, but also banning
minority religious education in public schools.With contributions
from Friedrich Schweitzer, Martin Rothgangel, Gerhard Langer,
Daniela Stan, Arto Kallioniemi, Juan Ferreiro Galguera, Maria
Chiara Giorda, Rossana M. Salerno, Viorica Goras-Postica,
Constantin Iulian Damian, Valentin Ilie, Dzintra Ilisko, Ayman
Agbaria, Zilola Khalilova, Raid al-Daghistani, Osman Tastan, Moshe
Ma'oz, Adriana Cupcea, Muhamed Ali, Rudiger Lohlker and Dele
Ashiru. The Editors Ednan Aslan is the Chair of Islamic Theological
studies at the University of Vienna where he is a Professor for
Islamic Education. Margaret Rausch is scholar, researcher and
university instructor in the field of Islamic and Religious
Studies.
The scholarly contributors to this volume investigate various means
to stimulate and facilitate reflection on new social relations
while clarifying the contradictions between religious and social
affiliation from different perspectives and experiences. They
explore hindrances whose removal could enable Muslim children and
youth to pursue equal participation in political and social life,
and the ways that education could facilitate this process.
In this volume, the authors attempt to speak freely about the
potential in religions both for violence and peace. I am confident
that many impulses from this work will also impact the direction of
churches and other religious communities, such that religions, all
together, will try to mobilize the members of their communities to
actively contribute to world peace. In this way, religions will be
perceived as part of the solution for world peace, enabling them to
move beyond the stigma of their damaged reputations.
Whether formally incorporated into curriculum and teacher training
or informally integrated in contexts such as state or NGO
initiatives dealing with resolving social, ethnic, and religious
conflicts, peace education is increasingly recognized as a critical
component in addressing violence in contemporary plural societies.
Peace education can constructively undertake a reframing of
historical narratives while inspiring practical community
activities. An important, but insufficiently studied and theorized
aspect of peace education is the role of religion. The challenge to
peace education in today's globalized, diverse, mobile, and
religiously pluralistic world is to be able to take both complex
global and distinctive local situations into account. The
contributions to this integrative collection of essays provide
exactly these local and global perspectives on the state of peace
education and its relationship to religion across pedagogy and
curriculum, state policies, and activism within societies on the
front lines of resolving internal conflicts, whether historical or
recent, that often reflect aspects of religious identities.
This volume features chapters by international experts in
education, sociology, and theology who consider a range of
challenges faced by educators in primary and secondary schools that
are becoming increasingly diverse in terms of the ethnic and
religious backgrounds of pupils. From the non-religious, to the
refugee, to student fundamentalism and even radicalization -these
multiple, fresh approaches analyze the dynamics of the changing
pedagogical landscape in an age of ever increasing globalization
and cultural plurality. Today's classrooms are often the most
crucial spaces where children and adolescents encounter new
cultural, religious, and other worldviews. Increasingly, teachers
are called on to empower their pupils with the tools and
competencies necessary to reflect on and process this plurality in
ways that are productive for their intellectual growth and moral
maturation. Regional case studies provide extensive data while
offering insights into developments in school settings across
Europe, in Turkey, and in the United States. In addition, a number
of the contributions address the delivery, content, and policies of
Islamic Religious Education in European contexts, the educational
strategies employed in multi-religious societies, and
interreligious dialogue in schools, whether intentional or
spontaneous.
Although it is rarely given sufficient consideration in either
scholarly or political debates, early childhood education plays a
crucial role in the integration process of young immigrants in
European countries, since it not only enables the children to be
integrated into society, both linguistically and culturally, but it
also provides their parents with the opportunity, through their
children, to view the society more directly and to reflect on their
own values in the encounter, or to potentially seek new
orientations. The quality of young migrants' educational
achievements, which have repeatedly caused current political
debates in European countries, should not be considered
independently of the elementary education measures since they are
very closely related. Prof. Dr. Ednan Aslan is Chair of Islamic
Religious Education at the Institute for Islamic Theological
Studies at the University of Vienna.
This multidisciplinary volume unites research on diverse aspects of
Jewish-Muslim relations, exchanges and coexistence across time
including the Abrahamic tradition enigma, Jews in the Qur'an and
Hadith, Ibn al-'Arabi and the Kabala, comparative feminist
theology, Jews, Christians, Muslims and the Gospel of Barnabas,
harmonizing religion and philosophy in Andalusia, Jews and Muslims
in medieval Christian Spain, Israeli Jews and Muslim and Christian
Arabs, Jewish-Muslim coexistence on Cyprus, Muslim-Jewish dialogues
in Berlin and Barcelona, Jewish-Christian-Muslim trialogues and
teleology, Jewish and Muslim dietary laws, and Jewish and Muslim
integration in Switzerland and Germany.
Die vorliegende Studie nahert sich den Lebenswelten radikalisierter
Personen und analysiert das vielschichtige Phanomen mittels
Biografieforschung.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es sich bei
islamistischer Radikalisierung um einen aktiven Prozess der
Auseinandersetzung des Individuums mit einer bestimmten islamischen
Theologie, samt ihren Normen und Wertvorstellungen, handelt. Die
betroffenen Individuen radikalisieren sich dabei nicht isoliert,
sondern sind eingebettet in ein soziales Umfeld, das in dieser
Studie als radikales Milieu bezeichnet wird.
Religious and ethnic diversity have become crucial and pressing
concerns in Europe: in particular, the presence of Muslims, their
integration, citizenship, and how to deal with the influx of
refugees. Can we draw on the resources of religions and their
leaders for models of peaceful coexistence or do religious
identities constitute obstacles to cooperation and unity? This
volume treats "Islam, Religions, and Pluralism in Europe" based on
a 2014 conference in Montenegro. Experts analyze Islam and Muslim
issues as well as Christian perspectives and state social policies.
Case studies drawn from Western and Eastern Europe including the
Balkans, constructively review and interrogate diverse theological,
philosophical, pedagogical, legal, and political models and
strategies that deal with pluralism.
This pioneering volume defines the contours of the emerging
engagements of Muslim women scholars from around the world with the
authoritative interpretive traditions of Islam, classical and
contemporary. Muslima theology, here broadly defined to encompass a
range of interpretive strategies and perspectives arising from
multiple social locations, interrogates Islamic scripture and other
forms of religious discourse to empower Muslim women of faith to
speak for themselves in the interests of gender justice.
Contributions provide an overview of the field at this
juncture-ranging from pioneering Muslim scriptural feminism to
detailed analyses of legal and mystical texts by a new
international cohort of Muslim women academics and activists.
Contemporary female Muslim "constructivist" approaches articulate
concerns with diversity, including race and religious pluralism,
paralleling developments in womanist and mujerista readings of
religious texts.
Following 9/11 and the growth of religiously legitimated violence
in Islamic countries, the focus of public discussion moved to imams
and teachers of religion as actors supporting Muslim isolation and
the lack of willingness to integrate - imams became central figures
in the debate on Islam. With great enthusiasm, politicians
discovered them to be the scapegoats of a failed integration of
Muslims in Europe. Integrated imams trained in Europe were to
promote Muslim integration, prevent violence, resolve
contradictions between society and Muslims and further Islamic
enlightenment. With this objective an attempt was made, on the one
hand, to rediscover the existing institutions for imam training in
Balkan states and, on the other hand, to establish new educational
institutions at European universities to train Europe-compliant
imams. Due to their central role in the lives of Muslims, the
training of imams and teachers of religion is given an important
role in the process of Muslim integration.
Through history, Islam was the dominant religion and source of
legitimation for ruling entities in diverse contexts where cultures
and religions thrived in harmony. Today, the presence of Muslims as
citizens in secular societies poses challenges, either by belonging
to minorities in Western countries with long secular traditions or
by comprising minority or majority populations in post-communist
East European and Central Asian societies, where secular values are
being revised. As Muslims reconceive the role of religion in their
lives in those contexts, Islamic education acquires importance. It
assists the young, especially adolescents, in learning to identify
more fully with local realities with the intention of building
sense of inner connectedness through which they may truly take part
in and be of service to society. The contributors to this volume
explore how the religious and secular, as well as the traditional
and modern intersect in Islamic educational institutions that
benefit Muslims and their societies by averting extremism and
promoting cohesion.
In seiner Funktion als religioeser Fuhrer wird vom Imam erwartet,
Antworten auf jede Art von in der islamischen Gemeinschaft
auftretenden Problemen zu geben. Entsprechend wichtig ist seine
Vorbereitung auf diese neue Mission. Nun haben die meisten Imame
ihre theologische Ausbildung in ihrer Heimat erhalten und wurden
vor allem auf Grund ihrer theologischen und seelsorgerischen
Kenntnisse aus dem Ausland rekrutiert. Folglich verfugt ein Imam in
den wenigsten Fallen uber eine psychosoziale Ausbildung bzw.
entsprechende Kompetenzen - allein aufgrund des gemeinsamen
religioes-kulturellen Hintergrundes sind ihm die Anliegen der
Mitglieder seiner Gemeinde groesstenteils vertraut, sodass er ihnen
eine umfangreiche Beratung anbieten kann. Freilich steht diesem
sozialen Reifeprozess eine Reihe von Problemen im Weg, etwa
fehlende Deutschkenntnisse oder der Mangel an Fachkenntnissen uber
die Lebensverhaltnisse von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Westen,
denen der Imam in der Vermittlung von Wissen uber kulturelle und
religioese Themen vorurteils- und wertfrei begegnen soll. Kein Land
kann auf Dauer die religioesen Belange seiner BurgerInnen als eine
Angelegenheit betrachten, deren Betreuung im Ausland wahrgenommen
wird. Das war auch der Grund, dass in Europa heute verschiedene
Massnahmen hinsichtlich der Ausbildung der Imame und
SeelsorgerInnen debattiert werden. Auch in OEsterreich wird der
Ausbildung der Imame und SeelsorgerInnen grosser Wert beigemessen,
um sicherzustellen, dass die Ausbildung dieser Berufsgruppe in
nachster Zukunft auf eine gute Grundlage gestellt werden kann.
Diese Arbeit erhebt den Anspruch, die Moeglichkeiten einer
derartigen Ausbildung an den staatlichen Universitaten, die eine
entscheidende Voraussetzung fur die Kontextualisierung des Islam in
unserem Lande ist, aufzuzeigen.
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